by什么意思网络语y的是什么网络用语（by什么意思网络语）

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介词by的几种用法

介词是一个经常使用的介词，在英语中很多场景和上下文中都会见到。本文总结一下by的用法。

by什么意思网络语y的是什么网络用语（by什么意思网络语）

“by” + place

含义是: beside, at the side of, next to, close to （在旁边，靠近），例如：

  • The house is by a river.
  • David lives by a train station.
  • I would love to live in a house by the sea.

“by” + method of transport

这种结构表示如何乘交通工具到某处。

by + train

car

boat

plane

taxi

bus

coach

例如:

  • David went to Manchester by train.
  • I go to work by car.
  • My parents often go to France by boat.
  • Our children have never travelled by plane before.

“by” + method of communication

这种结构表示如何与某人沟通。

by + telephone

post

email

fax

例如:

  • I spoke to her by telephone.
  • I will send you the invoice by post.
  • Please confirm the order by email.

“by” + method of payment

这种结构表达如何支付，购买某物。.

by + credit card

cheque

例如:

  • We paid for the computer by cheque.
  • Can I pay by credit card?

注意现金支付用介词 “in”:

  • David paid in cash for the newspaper.

在口语中in可以省略:

  • David paid cash for the newspaper.

“by” 与被动语态

在被动语态中by用于执行动作的人，我们先看主动语态的句子:

  • David is cleaning the kitchen.

在上面的句子中，David是句中的主语，当把这个句子变成被动语态时：

  • The kitchen is being cleaned by David.

下面是更多的例子:

  • Sarah wrote the book. (主动)
    The book was written by Sarah. (被动
  • Our school organized the concert. (主动)
    The concert was organized by our school. (被动)

“by” + 反身代词

by + myself

yourself

himself, herself, itself

ourselves

yourselves

themselves

这种结构意思是独立做某事.

例如:

  • I enjoy reading by myself.
  • Sarah is studying by herself.
  • Let’s do something by ourselves.
  • My parents often go on holiday by themselves.

“by” + 动名词

这种结构表示如何做某事。

例如:

  • You can turn on the radio by pressing that button.
  • His mother made a living by looking after babies for others.

“by” + 时间的表达方式

这种结构的含义是: not later than（不晚于）; before or at a particular time（在特定的时间前）。

这种结构用于某件事的最后期限。

例如:

  • Guests must vacate their hotel rooms by 11 am.
  • Please send us the payment by tomorrow.
  • Students must enroll by the end of June.
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